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Archive for October, 2010

23 October
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Chinese Ambitions For Green Energy

Green energy is projected to be the great industry with the 21st Century, paying great dividends to the country or countries that pioneer and successfully capitalize on it. Economically, environmentally, and even militarily, the capability to produce sustainable forms of energy is a prize that will set the fate of the world for centuries to come.

Regrettably, the United States is in danger of losing the green energy race. Our nation is addicted to oil and the politicians are addicted to corporate money, so change has been nearly impossible.

On the other side of the world, literally, are the leaders of China, who have set out on an ambitious plan to produce solar panels as well as implement solar farms themselves for domestic use. The Chinese are also big on wind farms and nuclear power, other technologies which Americans first developed but have now abandoned.

Sounds ominous? The chattering classes are all up in arms about the issue, but nothing has been getting done, not even with the election of Barack Obama. The interests are just too entrenched. Everybody stands to lose some thing, and contemporary American culture seems to have lost sight of any notion of the common good.

It’s a crazy scenario. You can find American citizens, engineers and scientists, educated with American tax dollars, who now conduct their work in China or are employed by businesses that do the rest of their work there. In effect, United States tax dollars are educating the people whose work will ultimately benefit the Chinese!

Of course, these scientists and engineers are only working for the highest salaries. But the firms they work for – American firms, owned by American citizens – complain that they simply can’t do business here; they need to go where the action is, and that’s China. To do anything else would be like trying to sell ice at the North Pole.

21 October
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The Many Many Different Styles Of Greek Vases

It may appear unusual to modern sensibilities, but there are over a hundred different categories of ancient Greek vases, a reflection of the many various uses for them – and also occasions on which they were to be used. That is correct, whole categories of vases would be dedicated to not just a specific use, but a specific use on a specific occasion!

Thus, while many ancient Greek vases were utilized to store oils and perfumes, people back then distinguished between oils kept for athletics and oils kept for cosmetics. It is not too far removed from our own sensibilities when it comes to something like bags; a purse is utilized to carry money as well as other small articles, while books are generally transported in backpacks. Or think about how the upper classes of Britain used to dress in completely different clothing for the morning and the evening!

Thus the kaleidoscope of categories, largely distinguished by subtities only a trained eye and mind can note. There do exist, however, various types of ancient Greek vases which admit more easily of recognition by the normal individual of a more general education. What interests most modern collectors, however, is the artwork on such pottery, of which scholars have recognized several styles as well.

The earliest period is the Protogeometric, so-called mainly because it precedes the Geometric, the key difference being that the latter age consists of more sophisticated shapes and, ultimately, human figures and illustrations of scenes from mythology while the former is entirely abstract.

The Orientalizing design and style is next, inspired by Greek contacts with the Persian east and Egyptian south. This was followed by the most iconic style of all in ancient Greek pottery, the Black Figure Period of silhouetted forms with incised details. Ultimately, such details would be painted directly on the surface during the Red Figure Period. It all ended, ironically enough, with the gloriously named Hellenistic Period, after which Greek civilization gave way to the Roman.

21 October
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Science Fact Is Stranger Than Science Fiction

It’s interesting to watch old science fiction movies and compare the technology onscreen with current state-of-the-art technology in real life. For example, isn’t it funny that the world of interplanetary travel depicted in Stanley Kubrick’s “2001: A Space Odyssey” should not have thought of cell phones and invented them – though in fact, such devices were in reality just another five or so years away from commercial feasibility! And it’s funny how with all the cinematic attention focused on such grand ambitious technologies like extraterrestrial travel the wonders that really did take place, in the real world, should carry, arguably, a lot more weight, impacting as they do our lives in maybe much more important ways. Take, for instance, the kind of rides operated by serial entrepreneur Zalman Silber.

Zalman Silber is the founder of a number of tourist attractions in the United States and Australia. Some are really great, such as Skywalk and The Edge, while others are rather uninspired, such as the Skyride and Oztrek. These latter two are billed as an immersive you-are-there experience for the whole family – blah blah blah – but they’re little more than travel flicks the type you can find on public TV, educational fare you’ve had a million times over already in school, even. They are helicopter fly-bys of New York and Sydney, respectively, with the only concession to “multimedia” (a buzzword that’s been commonly used to ballyhoo them) being so-called motion seating providing kinetic feedback in sync with happenings onscreen.

Nothing, as mentioned already, anyone hasn’t seen before.

Yet such things were to be found in many a science fiction film (albeit B-grade knock-offs, admittedly), someone’s vision of what hi-tech audio-visuals would be like one day! Of course, that just speaks to the poverty of the imagination on the part of the writers more than anything else, but the point is that such contemplation makes for much amusement when screening the science fiction films of yesteryear.

Or take one of the earliest scenes from “Logan’s Run,” when the title character uses a kind of television-teleporter to find a date. Instead of going to a bar, the people of that world use this device to summon dates! It’s nothing short of a kind of 3-D Craig’s List!

These “everyday details” tend to show up in the more thoughtful and interesting movies, and on the whole make up one useful yardstick by which much of the best examples may be separated from the mundane. For most sci-fi flicks focus on laser guns and starships, but leave out what really makes science fiction interesting in the first place, the nexus between science and technology and the everyday lives of human beings.

See how the worldwide web has changed everything? And what is that but a network of computers connecting to one another, serving up information, usually in a graphical (and truly multimedia) way? Nothing particularly difficult here; no “warp drive” or “plasma cannon” here – proving the old adage that life is stranger than fiction!

20 October
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What Kinds Of Italian Marble Statues Would You Get

What might your own dream estate look like? Would there be Italian marble statues in the garden? A big long driveway leading up to the front entrance? Mighty oaks and tall pine trees all around?

Sure it can be fun to dream, but most of us will never get the opportunity to find out for sure. We could still buy our Italian marble statues, of course, but they just wouldn’t be the same without acres and acres of land to go with them! So just what exactly is it that makes multi-millionaires and billionaires out of some while most others live relatively normal lives?

It really is an old question, and even in such a age of scientific marvels no one knows for sure. Many of the self-made believe, whether publicly or only privately, that they on their own are almost entirely responsible for their own good fortune. However notice that the very word itself, “fortune,” underlines the lucky, entirely coincidental nature of wealth.

Even though one still has to work, and usually very hard, to earn such vast fortunes, there are a great many who work just as hard and get no such rewards. But because there’s really nothing to be said about luck, which is often amenable to improvement through conscious actions, the conversation can only involve those matters which can be directly affected, creating in the long run the false impression that everything or just about everything is due to skill, intelligence, and perseverance.

The greatest part of the problem is semantic. What do we mean by luck? Just what do we mean by success? Ultimately, it has to do with free will. What is free will? What is the self? Against such perennial philosophical puzzles, getting your fancy estate and all the marble sculptures to go with it should be a walk in the park (or across your own estate!) by comparison.

20 October
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A Variety Of Rhinestones

Rhinestones are used in place of valuable diamonds on clothing and fashion accessories. They’re typically utilized as a cost-cutting measure by businesses targeting customers who usually could not afford a diamond on anything but a ring or necklace, though [rhinestones] are only inexpensive when compared to the real thing itself.

Gemologically speaking, they are valuable objects in their own right, with different intriguing characteristics. some of the best examples are fully able to duplicate the sparkling effects of genuine diamonds.

Within the popular culture, rhinestones occupy a curious place. They can be as brilliant as any diamond they’re meant to simulate, yet are often employed in brash outlandish ways, like as a part of a showman’s outfit. Elvis, Liberace, and numerous other singers are associated with them, giving these stones a type of strange status halfway between kitsch and high society.

Two names that are most associated with high society rhinestones: Swarovski and Preciosa, European businesses that have defined the rhinestone market for over a century each. Swarovski is based in Wattens, near Innsbruck in the southern Tyrol region of Austria, but its reach is very cosmopolitan, having provided the star atop New York City’s famed Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree for the years 2004 through 2009. Long associated with luxury goods for instance fine crystals, jewelery, and chandeliers, the company also runs an indoor Wattens theme park revolving around its work.

Preciosa is really a Czech concern that accounts for most of the other rhinestones produced on the market these days, utilizing a secret procedure that involves only about thirty percent lead in order to minimize refraction.

Other kinds of special coatings and coating techniques are employed to create crystal rhinestones that exhibit diamond-like traits such as rainbows. Intriguing, that the former realms of the Hapsburgs’ Dual Monarchy should host the two finest rhinestone makers in all the world!

19 October
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Finding The Appropriate Kitchen Utensils

No kitchen is complete without a complete set of common kitchen utensils such as knives, spatulas, sieves, and so forth. Sometimes it might be open to interpretation what is a utensil and what’s more appropriately considered equipment (in the sense of “hardware”) when it comes to something like fancy electric eggbeaters and pots and pans, but the majority of folks seem to consider a utensil anything that could be held in the hand, requiring no countertop or other such assistance in order to use properly.

A few will even categorize kitchen timers and cooking thermometers as kitchen utensils, as well as hand-operated can openers and corkscrews. Cooling racks, cookie sheets, and measuring cups and spoons are also generally considered utensils. But whatever the taxonomy, there’s no denying that everyone who cooks will require them.

Unless of course you plan to never bake or otherwise work with flour, you’ll need a rolling pin. And while a knife is a knife, it is often less difficult to use kitchen shears instead.

And even when a knife is the appropriate tool for the job, various kinds of knives are designed for specific tasks, such as those with serrated edges for especially tough (and likely rough!) cuts, while fruits could really use the gentler paring knife.

It may also be more practical to get multiple sets of a certain utensil, such as measuring spoons or cups, so that you needn’t constantly wash your only one while cooking. It’s also probably desirable to own more than one kind of spatula – not only in different sizes to handle different loads, but also of different constructions, made out of various materials or made according to different designs, such as rubbery coating and hard plastic or solid and with holes, respectively.

Finally, it’s also advisable to put quality ahead of quantity – better to own two really good knives than several mediocre ones!

19 October
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Coffee Machines In The Modern World

You might think that the expansion of coffee houses the past twenty to thirty years would lead to a decrease in the sale of coffee machines, but on the contrary they remain as popular as ever, with espresso makers one of the most ballyhooed items on late-night television. It’s a interesting thing, and will possibly not make a lot of sense on the face of it, but in fact the number of businesses devoted to providing coffee has only made people want to buy coffee machines of their own!

Now why should this be? The answer points up to an significant characteristic of human nature. But first think of why people should patronize coffee houses: it isn’t all about the coffee. Many stores, such as Starbucks, have hit upon the effective system that recently saw the rise of sidewalk cafes throughout Europe in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: people needed a nice place indoors! Getting away from cramped quarters at home, such establishments provided a relatively luxurious environment for the price of a cup of coffee. And it’s the same today, with students among the most faithful of customers for these chain coffee houses.

But why should people need coffee machines, then? Well, in this case, it also isn’t essentially all about the coffee. That’s right! You’d feel that people who like coffee either go to coffee houses or buy coffee makers to use at home. But in both cases, it isn’t always about the coffee itself, but everything else relating to how they get their coffee!

In the case of a coffee house, people go for the ambience as much as anything else. In the situation of a home coffee maker, it’s about the convenience: no lines to wait on, but everything on a timer and ready when you wake up or come home, with the same range of flavors – all at a much reduced cost. And there’s always seating available!

19 October
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GSM mobile telephones one of the most reliable

GSM cell phones function over 1 of the most reliable mobile phone communications protocols around. It was GSM wireless phones that first made available low-cost text messaging services, which is also a typical feature of other cell phone communications standards in the present day. Industry experts believe that up to a whole eighty percent of the world uses GSM for each and every day, which means that well over four billion people in above 2 hundred countries and territories are served daily by this standard. Thanks to such widespread usage, roaming contracts between mobile carriers are achievable for uninterrupted service in many different parts of the planet.

17 October
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3G Cell Phones Are Always Available

Most people have heard of 3G cell phones, whether it be by way of advertisements or recommendations, realizing that 3G is “good” with little knowledge beyond that recommended fact. In fact, the 3G of 3G no contract cell phones simply means “third generation”, referring to the third “generation” or wave of scientific advances that have upped the efficiency and technological capacity of cell phones and mobile devices, including CDMA and GSM standards.

Especially, 3G cell phones are those fulfilling certain specifications permitting use of wide area voice and data telecommunication, internet access, video messaging, television – as well as most of the modern applications we associate with common smartphones. By IMT-2000 features, to be classified as 3G, a device must provide peak rates of data transfer at 200 kilobits a second.

Before 3G cell phones, there were obviously cell phones of the first and second generation. A new “generation” has become widely available more or less every ten years, each offering new frequency bands, higher rates of data transfer and non backwards compatible transmission technology. The first generation, 1G, refers to the first generation of analog based mobile phones developed during the eighties. This was replaced by 2G on the GSM standard in 1991, which was the first digital standard allowing data to be digitally encrypted for the first time.

It also offered data services to mobile devices for the first time, beginning with SMS text messaging which has become revolutionary, but also including picture messages, email, and file transfers. Though 3G cell phones are the current standard, with 4G looming over the horizon, 2G networks are still fully functional in several parts of the world.

3G cell phones first came to fruition in 2003 when the first 3G network was launched. By 2007, 200 million people had subscribed to any one of the 190 3G networks working in 40 countries. Still, only about 7% of cell phones users are subscribed to a 3G network, given that most cell phones users are in places like East Asia or the Middle East where networks are slower to roll out and technology is still a few years behind places like Europe or North America.

Set to succeed 3G cell phones, 4G is slowly beginning to find its way to the market. The 4G standard of data transfer is 100 megabits a second for users in a state of substantial mobility, such as behind the wheel or on a moving train, and 1 gigabit for pedestrian or stationary users. This update in data transfer will allow 4G to improve and continue using features established by 2 and 3G, such as video calls and broadband internet access, as well as newer technologies such as streaming HDTV. For 4G, the CDMA standard is set to be deserted, in lieu of the newer OFDMA.

15 October
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Why House Arrest Is Better Jail Time

House arrest is really a popular type of incarceration for political dissidents the world over. Sadly, it is only used on a few high-profile individuals, probably as a nod to world opinion and foreign political pressure; most such people are basically taken away and sometimes not heard from again.

A quite humane kind of punishment, house arrest has gotten a poor reputation because of its common use by authoritarian governments all around the world. However, optimists will note that such extensive adoption bodes well for democracy and human rights in the long run.

After all, it would have been a lot less difficult for the tyrants to basically murder their opponents outright, as was almost always the situation in the past and as is still far too frequently the case even now. But the prevailing Zeitgeist is such that a nod towards some kind of decorum has become rather expected behavior, even of tyrants.

In the democracies, house arrest is only used in cases of relatively petty crimes and/or where the convicted has outstanding health issues that might make prison a likely death sentence. Unlike in authoritarian countries, house incarceration in a democracy is enforced by technological means, using sophisticated electronic measures to ensure compliance as opposed to armed guards posted around the clock preventing access and egress.

First tried as far back as the turn of the twentieth century, it really is only in the late seventies and early eighties that home incarceration really came into form with the development of reliable monitoring devices. Typically, the subject has to wear a bracelet or anklet that contains sensors which provide information on his or her whereabouts, enabling tracking by the authorities.

A less intrusive form involves automated calling services that can call up the subject at random times, with computers matching the subject’s voice against a database of recognized patterns. Authorities are alerted in instances where the call is not answered or if the voice doesn’t appear to match.